Valve for steam-engines



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

T. H. HABERKORN.

VALVE EOE STEAM ENGINES.

No. 407,894. Patented July 30, 1889.

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UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

TIIEODORE H. HABERKORN, OF FORT IVAYNE, INDIANA.

VALVE FOR' STEAM-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 407,894, dated July 30,1889.

Application filed June 21, 1833- Serial No. 277,739. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THEODORE H. HABER- KORN, of Fort IVayne, in thecounty of Allen and State of Indiana, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Valves for Steam-Engines; and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itpertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to a combined steamengine and air-pump; and itconsists in certain features of construction and in combination ofparts, hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation in section, andFig. 2 is a plan, partly in section, of the upper steam-cylinder head.

The steam-cylinder A and the air-cylinder B are intended to besubstantially alike. In fact, they are cast from the same pattern, andare connected by yoke 13, the latter being integral with disks B and Athat form the inner cylinder-heads for the two cylinders. The twopistons a and b are connected by rod A, the piston-rod operating throughsuitable stuffing-boxes, substantially as shown.

C is a cylindrical steam-chamber, in which operates a cylindrical orhollow plunger-valve D. The steam chamber is partially surrounded byexhaust-chamber O, the latter being provided with eduction or exhaustopening 0 Induction-opening C leads into chamber 0, and is of courseconnected with the steam-pipe;-also, the usual ports 0 connect the steam-chamber with cylinder A. Valve D has ports (Z and d, the formerbeing ofsuch length that opening 0 is never closed by the valve; also, ports 0lead from the steam-chamber into the exhaust-chamber, the differentports being located substantially as shown. Small vent-holes c areprovided to prevent back-pressure on the valve at the end of the stroke.Valve-rods d and d screw into the respective ends of valve D. Rods (1connect with wrist E of rock-arm E. WVrist E is journaled in sliding boxE the latter operating in slot E of the rock-arm, this box having aslight movement endwise of the rockarm to accommodate the wrist to thesweep of the rock-arm and to the alignment of the valve-rod. Arm E ismounted on rock-shaft e, the latter extending through stuffing-box 6into chamber A of the upper cylinder-head A Mounted on rock-shaft c andoperating in chamber A is rock-arm 6 the free end of the latter beingconnected with rod e the latter extending through a suitable hole of thecylinder-head and the free end of the rod projecting into thesteam-cylinder.

Valve-rod d by means of substantially such mechanism as just described,is connected with rod b, the latter projecting into the lower end of theair-cylinder. With such construction valve Dis shifted by the engagementof the respective pistons alternately with the rods 6 and b; but by suchmeans the valve is only moved part way of its throw and just far enoughto admit steam from the cylinder past what for the time being is therear end of the valve, and the pressure of steam behind the valve movesthe latter still farther to open the exhaustport and to admit steam tothe other end of the cylinder A, all of which will be readily understoodby persons familiar with such mechanism.

It willbc observed that the laps d of the valve D are less in width thanthe ports 0, and consequently when either lap d is midway of its port 0the steam can continue to pass from the valve into the cylinder, and canalso pass from the cylinder behind the valve, and this end of thecylinder being at the time filled with steam the application ofsteam-pressure behind the valve is instantaneous, so that from the timethat the valve commences its movement in either direction such movementis continuous to the end of its throw; also, the vent-holes c are sodiminutive in size that the vapor escaping through these vent-holes issufficiently retarded to cushion the valve. As the device is intended torun at high speed, spiral springs (not shown) 95 may be coiled aroundthe rods d and d at either end of the valve to prevent the valve fromstriking the head. If, however, coniserted in air-chamber F, thisbushing extend ing down to the lower counterbore f. The upper end ofthis bushing abuts cap K, by

means of which the bushing is held in placeendwise. The one side of thebushingis cut away at g to form a sub-chamber f and the upper end of thebushing is reduced in external vdiameter, as shown, so that the chamberf extends around the upper section of the bushing. The bushing G has aseries of lateral holes G at or near the upper end thereof,'connectingchamber f with the central bore or cavity of the bushing. A central holeG leads up from the lower end of this bushing and connects with obliquehole' G the latter being in open relation with chamber f H is a shortbushing inserted in the lower counterbore f. the one side and lowerportion thereof, forming sub-chamber H, the latter, by means of openingF being in open relation with receiving-chamber F. The extreme lowersection of bushing H is reduced in external diameter, so that chamber Hsurrounds this section with lateral holes H leading from chamber H intothe central bore H of this bushing.

Bushing G is provided with seats g and g, respectively, forthe upperinduction and eduction air-valves I and J. Bushing H is provided withseats h and h for the lower induction and eduction air-valves I and J.The upwardly-projecting wings j of valve J fit easilyin the enlargedbore of bushings Gand H, and the depending wings i of valve I fit easilyin the reduced bore of these respective bushings; also, theupwardly-projecting hubs 11 of valve I fit easily in the central bore ofdepending hub j of valve J, by means of which and of the wings aforesaidthe different air-valves being supported at either end are keptaccurately in line, so as to fit their respective seats, andconsequently the seats are not worn out of shape.

Ahole N leads from the receiving-chamber F under the upper valve I, andeductionopening n leads from bore G of bushing G, such opening beingconnected with suitable pipe leading to the main air-reservoir. (Notshown.) In point of time it is but an instant that valve D in itstravelssimultaneously admits steam through the same port into and out ofthe cylinder, as aforesaid, as a slight further movement of the valveshuts off the steam from the cylinder, and the valve con- This bushingis cut away ontinues its movement by the pressure of exhaust-steambehind the valve. The valve is shifted so quickly that the steam-pistonno sooner reaches the one end of its stroke than a full port-opening ishad to admit steam to drive the piston in the opposite direction. Thisinsures a quick return movement of the piston, the effect of which is toinstantly shift the air-valve, so that no wastage of air ac- B,aset-screwL is provided to press thebushing firmly to its seat on theside next cylinder B.

The operation of the air-pump will be readily understood, to wit: Thesuctionproduced by the reciprocations of piston b alternately elevatesthe respective induction-valves I and admits air to the cylinder throughpipe M and chamber F and the respective ports of the cylinder. Thecompressed air forced from the cylinder alternately opens theeductionvalve J, allowing such compressed air to escape through openings01. The valves of an air-pump must necessarily be kept in perfect order.

With the construction shown by removing caps K the air-valves and theirseats may be removed without difficulty, so that all of the wearingparts may be repaired or renewed with little trouble or expense.

What I claim is- 1. The combination, with a steam-chest having acylindrical bore and ports and a hollow plunger-valve fitting snuglywithin said bore and provided with ports, of valve-rods attached to theends of the valve, and devices for shifting the valve-rods by themovement of the piston, the ports in the steam-chest being so arrangedrelatively to the valve whereby a continued movement of the valve to theend of its throw is caused by exhaust-steam admitted behind the valve,substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with cylindrical steamchamber, and hollowplunger-valve operating therein, with ports, substantially as indicated,of vent-holes 0 arranged substantially as described, and for the purposeset forth.

3. The combination,with cylindrical steamchamber, hollow plunger valveoperating therein, and ports, substantially as indicated, of vent-holesc and means, substantially as shown, for graduating the openings of suchvent-holes, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of cylindrical steamchamber, hollow plunger providedwith steamports operating therein, with steam and exhaust ports invalve-chamber, and mechanism, substantially as described, for moving theValve part Wayof its throw, substantially as indicated, the arrangementof ports being substantially as described, whereby a continued movementof the valve to the end of its throw is caused by exhaust-steam admittedfrom the cylinder behind the Valve, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification, in the presence of twoWitnesses, this 26th day of March, 1888.

THEODORE H. HABERKORN.

Witnesses:

R. S. ROBERTSON, N. A. ROBERTSON.

